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A Guide 

—to— 

Better Book Mending 





\ 


Book Mender’s Guide 


A Handbook on Book 
Mending Designed 
for Use in Public 
and School Libraries 


Demco Jfbrarj) Supplies 


114 SOUTH CARROLL STREET 
MADISON - WISCONSIN 












Hun. i 
. T)vi 


Mending 


It’s very hard to understand 
(Although I’m dull I know) 

Why mending books is drudgery 
As many deem it so. 

To me it is the finest game 
When pages fall apart 

To make them good as new agaii 
I can hardly wait to start! 

Let artists paint their pictures 
While I daub in the glue; 

For art shall always mean to me 
An old book turned out new. 

Each time I mend King Arthur 
I see the children smile 

To find their hero brought to life 
Come, let us mend awhile! 


—Grace Fenwick Johnson 


Appeared in Public Libraries, March 1922. 
Also in Wisconsin Library Bulletin, May 1922. 










THE BOOK MENDER’S GUIDE 


3 


The Book Mender’s Guide 


TABLE OF CONTENTS 


Page 

I. Introduction to Book Mending 

(1) Why mend_ 4 

(2) Physical make-up of a hook_ 4, 5 

(3) When to mend__ 5, 6 

(4) What to mend_ 6 

(5) What to discard _ 6 

(6) What to rebind_ 6 

II. Practical Suggestions in Preparation for Mending 

(1) Sorting of books_ 6 

(2) Preparing the mending table_ 

III. Easy Processes in Book Mending 

(1) Mending tears or cuts_ 

(2) Inserting loose leaves, pictures, maps_ 7, 8 

(3) Repairing rumpled pages- 8 

(4) Tightening loose joints or hinges_ 8, 9 

(5) Inserting loose signatures_ 9 

(6) Recasing _ 9 

IV. Rf.casing With Double Stitched Binder 

(1) Removing the contents from the case_ 10 

(2) Preparing the case_ 10 

(A) When the back is in good condition_ 10 

(B) When the back is worn or thin at the hinges_11, 12 

(C) When the back is entirely worn out_12, 13 

(3) Preparing the contents- 13, 14, 15 

(4) Fastening the contents in the case with D. S. B.-15, 16, 17 

V. Recasing With Ungummed Materials 

(1) When cover is in good condition- 17 

(A) Removing contents from case- 17 

(B) Replacing contents in case- 17, 18 

VI. Rebacking Book Without Recasing- 18, 19 

VII. Cleaning Books - 19 

VIII. Lettering Books- 19 

IX. Varnishing Books - 19 

X. Supplies for Mending- 20-31 































4 


THE BOOK MENDER’S GUIDE 


Book Mending 

Book mending today holds a recognized and important place in 
modern library practice. In every well managed library time for the 
repair of books is included in the regular schedule. Worn books are 
not allowed to accumulate in great piles, but are cared for at regular 
intervals. Thus the mending table is kept clear and the number of 
books unfit for circulation is reduced to the minimum. 

WHY MEND? 

There are two sound economic reasons for book mending in a li¬ 
brary. First, library dollars are saved by careful and prompt attention 
to books needing slight repair. The life of a book is preserved and 
its usefulness increased. Money is thus conserved for the purchase of 
additional titles. Secondly, books are kept in circulation when the de¬ 
mand for them is at the peak. This applies particularly to the new 
and popular fiction. At times, however, it is equally applicable to 
non-fiction and children’s books. 

The artistic reasons for book mending are obvious. If a library is 

to foster and encourage the love of books and to teach the proper care 
of them, it must, first of all, offer its patrons only books that are in 

good condition. Attractive looking, whole, clean books have a distinct 
appeal. They command respect and secure frequent readings. Con¬ 
versely, worn, ragged books invite further abuse. No one enjoys 
handling or reading them no matter how engrossing their contents 
may be. Then, too, books with ragged covers spoil the neat appear¬ 
ance of the shelves and display racks. They are a sign of bad house¬ 
keeping, carelessness, and neglect. 

THE PHYSICAL MAKE-UP OF A BOOK 

In order to enjoy book mending and to appreciate its possibilities, it 
is important, first of all, to know something of the construction of a 
book and a few of the terms commonly used in bookbinding. 

A book is made up of two parts, (1) the cover or case, (2) the 
contents. (Signatures or sections.) 



THE BOOK MENDER S GUIDE 


5 


In Illustration No. i, 
which shows the inside of the 
cover or case, A and B are the 
binding or cover boards, the 
boards which form the sides 
of a bound book. The part 
of the cover lying between 
the two boards is the back, 
(C). Extending the full 
length of the back is a strip 
of paper, the lining of the 
back, (D). The hinges or 
joints of a book are the 
spaces between the back and 
the boards, (E and F), the part that bends when the book is opened. 
The white or colored papers used to line the binding boards are the 
lining papers, (G and H). Super (I) is the light weight loosely 
woven cloth, which in machine bound books is used to reenforce the 
joints. 











A 


iii / f,* 

r 

I B 




Jts 

% 

G 

t 

E 

• 

iff 

If n 

#1 [ H 
. I 



! 



Illustration No. I 



The contents of a book is 
shown in Illustration No. II. 

The contents is made up of 
signatures or sections stitched 
together, (J). Signatures or 
sections are the pages of a 
book printed from a single 
sheet. Most books have six¬ 
teen pages to a section. In 
bookbinding the stitching, 

(K), on the back of the contents, is reenforced with super, (L), which 
is applied to the back with glue, (M). In the illustration, where the 
super is pulled back the sections are plainly shown, with the rows of 
stitching holding them together. End papers are the first and last 
sheets attached to the contents at the front and back of the book. 


Illustration No. II 


Recasing is the process of replacing a book which has come out of 
its cover, or has loosened in its cover. 


WHEN TO MEND 

While no one advocates that every worn book be mended in the li¬ 
brary, there are definite times when mending should be done. Be¬ 
cause labor and material costs, as well as book values, enter into the 
mending problem, the decision as to when or what to mend should be 









6 


THE BOOK MENDER’S GUIDE 


made, if possible, by an able staff member, one who is equally familiar 
with the construction of a book and the easy processes of book mend¬ 
ing. 

Many times, however, one lacking this knowledge is confronted 
with the task. It is for the inexperienced mender that this book has 
been designed. Here she will find suggestions and directions for 
practical library book mending. 

While no definite rules, applicable at all times, can be laid down as 
to what to mend, what to discard, or what to rebind, the following 
suggestions may be used as a guide. 

WHAT TO MEND 

1. Mend promptly loose leaves, ragged margins, rumpled pages. 

2. Tighten loose joints or hinges at the first sign of weakness. 

3. Recase all books, which are not to be later rebound: 

(a) When the contents is loose in the case. 

(b) When the sections are loose but stitches not broken. 

(c) When the cloth on the back is worn. 

WHAT TO DISCARD 

1. Discard books: 

(a) When pages are missing. 

(b) When pages are very soiled and torn. 

(c) When the book can be replaced with a new copy more 

economically than it can be mended or rebound. 

WHAT TO REBIND 

1. Rebind books of permanent value, if the pages are clean and none 
are missing, such as expensive books and non-fiction which is 
still up to date. 

PRACTICAL SUGGESTIONS IN PREPARATION 

FOR MENDING 

Sorting of Books 

To save time and labor, sort books carefully before starting to mend. 
Look through each book quickly and decide, first of all, whether the 
book should be mended, discarded, or rebound. Remove the discards 
and bindery books. Now go through the books set aside to be mended 
in the library. Separate them into three piles according to the kind 
of mending each book needs, (1) mending of loose leaves, (2) 
tightening of loose joints or hinges, (3) recasing. 



THE BOOK MENDER’S GUIDE 


7 


Preparing the Mending Table 

Cover the mending table with clean papers. Make sure that paste 

cloths are at hand and that a supply of paste papers are cut. For 

these paste papers cut up newspapers, quarter size. Keep these under 
all surfaces that are pasted, throwing one away after each pasting 
operation. Always paste on a clean sheet. 

Fill the paste jars. Agokee paste needs no mixing, stirring, or 

water. It is the right consistency for use. Paste brushes should be 

soft and clean. 

If flexible glue is used, have the glue pot clean and a fresh supply 
of glue heated. Pleat only enough glue each time for the one mend¬ 
ing period. Frequent reheating causes glue to lose its elasticity and 
strength. Use only a very little heat at any time. 

Place all necessary equipment and supplies before you on the mend¬ 
ing table. Only simple equipment and supplies are needed. These 
you will find listed on pages 20 to 32 of this booklet. 

In mending, complete one process at a time on all books needing 
that process. Work by the process rather than the book to eliminate 
waste motion. 

EASY PROCESSES IN ROOK MENDING 

MENDING TEARS OR CUTS 

1. Add a little Agokee paste to the torn edges. 

2. Fit these together so that the printing matches. 

3. Place over the tear a narrow strip of thin skin paper, Japanese tissue 
or transparent paper tape, cut lengthwise of the grain. 

4. Rub down. Sufficient paste will ooze out along the edges to make 
the mending paper adhere to the tear. Over this lay a piece of 
waxed paper and place the book under a weight. 

5. When dry, carefully pull off the superfluous edges of the mending 
paper. Enough of the long fibres of the paper will remain to 
strengthen the tear and leave the mending scarcely visible. 

The ungummed papers are recommended as adhesive papers yellow 
with age. 

INSERTING LOOSE LEAVES, PICTURES, MAPS 

1. In tipping in a loose page, fit the page first at the outside margin, 
being sure that this outside margin is in line exactly with the other 
pages and does not project. Fold under the extra width on the 
inside edge of the page for a hinge. 

2. Apply Agokee paste with the finger along this narrow edge of the 
hinge. Push it well into the book with a thin bone folder. Close 
the book and press it. 



8 


THE BOOK MENDER’S GUIDE 


If the leaf to be replaced is of heavy paper or is worn at the edge, 
the following method may be used. 

1. Cut a piece of ungummed thin paper, the length of the page and 
fold it lengthwise through the middle. 

2. Add paste to the strip and press one half on the loose leaf and the 
other half on the opposite leaf, pushing the paper strip well into 
the hinge with a bone folder. Use talcum powder to absorb any 
moisture. 

Transparent adhesive tape may also be used in the same manner. 

REPAIRING RUMPLED PAGES 

When a page is badly torn or rumpled use Mino Tissue, an im¬ 
ported, soft, transparent paper, closely resembling cloth. 

1. Smooth out the page. 

2. Cut a piece of Mino Tissue large enough to cover the torn or 
rumpled part of the page. 

3. Apply paste lightly over torn or rumpled surface. 

4. Spread the Mino Tissue over the page. Rub down lightly so that 
tissue is smooth. Cover with wax paper, close book and allow to 
dry. 

Mino tissue is excellent for repairing torn or rumpled pages of 
large books, such as dictionaries and atlases. 

TIGHTENING LOOSE JOINTS OR HINGES 

The joints of a book are the hinges which bend when the book is 
opened. They are the weakest part of the usual trade bindings, the 
part which quickly loosens or breaks. 

When a book, otherwise in good condition, first shows looseness in 
the joints it may be tightened by the following process: 

1. Open the book upright and fold the covers back so that the cloth 
back separates slightly from the body of the book. 

2. With a small longhandled 
brush, insert a little Agokee 
paste or glue, from top to 
bottom, down both the front 
and back joints. (Illustration 
No. III.) Too much paste or 
glue should not be used or it 
will spread over the cloth cover 
and make it stick to the back of 
the book. 

3. Press the book well into the 
cover, close it, crease the joints 
or hinges on the outside with a 
bone folder, and dry the book 
under a weight. In pressing 
several books at a time, place 
the books alternating to right 

and left, to preserve the crease in the joint. 



Illustration No. Ill 




THE BOOK MENDER’S GUIDE 


9 


If the original paper over a joint is broken, tighten in as described 
and then apply, using a generous amount of Agokee paste, a one inch 
strip of bond paper over the publisher’s joints. 

When the original paper over a joint is broken and the contents is 
loose in the cover, recasing of the book is necessary. The contents 
is then cut from the cover and replaced by either of the two methods 
described under the general heading, "Recasing”. 

INSERTING LOOSE SIGNATURES 

When loose signatures occur in practically new books, have them 
resewed by a book binder at once. When a book is completely broken 
apart in the middle, the only satisfactory process is rebinding. 

In books that are not to be rebound, one or two sections may be 
fastened in by the use of single stitched binder, as follows: 

1. Cut a strip of binder the exact length of the page. 

2. Moisten one gummed side with Agokee paste, using the brush. 

3. Lay the strip in the book where the section should be. Push 
it well into the back with a bone folder, being sure that the 
stitching on the binder lies evenly against the fold of the sig¬ 
nature or section. 

4. Moisten the remaining gummed side with Agokee paste and 
place the section between the moistened surfaces. 

5. Smooth these down on both sides of the section, being sure to 
again push the section back into the binder as far as possible. 

6. Close the book until dry. If the leaves of this section extend 
beyond the other leaves, trim even. 

CAUTION: Do not attempt to fasten in many sections with 
binder as the extra thickness will break the binding. 

RECASING 

Two methods of recasing books may be used. The quickest method 
is with the use of double stitched binder, which provides the book 
with an excellent hinge. The overcasting used also strengthens the 
book but spoils it for future binding. This method may be used when 
the first and last signatures are loose or the stitches holding them are 
broken. 

Recasing with the use of ungummed materials, such as muslin or 
other soft cloth, is the second method. This process, although slower, 
is the method recommended in the pamphlet, "The Care and Binding 
of Books and Magazines”, prepared by the A. L. A. Committee on 
Bookbinding, Mary E. Wheelock, Chairman, and recently published by 
the American Library Association. This method can be used only 
when the sewing is strong and all of the signatures intact. 



10 


THE BOOK MENDER’S GUIDE 


RECASING WITH DOUBLE STITCHED BINDER 

I. Removing the contents from the case. 

II. Preparing the case. 

A. When the back is in good condition. 

B. When the back is worn or thin at the hinges. 

C. When the back is entirely worn out and must be re¬ 

placed with a new one. 

III. Preparing the contents. 

IV. Fastening the contents into the case with double 

stitched binder. 


OPERATION I. Removing the contents from the case. 


1. Open the book 
that is to be re¬ 
cased and with 
shears cut the 
super along each 
hinge, being very 
careful not to cut 
the back of the 
case. Remove 
the contents from 
the case. (Illus¬ 
tration IV.) 



Illustration No. IV 


OPERATION II. Preparing the case. 

A. When the back is in good condition. 

1. Trim the lining and the super at the inner edge of the 
cover boards. Scrape and smooth the binding boards 
with the book knife until all loose threads are removed 
and the binding boards are exposed. 

2. If the back is in good condition and the lining paper 
not torn, nothing further need be done to the case. If 
the lining of the back is loose, it must be torn out and 
replaced with a new one. Gray or brown kraft paper 
are practical materials for this purpose. 

3. Cut a piece of the paper you select, the exact size of 
the old lining. Spread Agokee paste evenly on one 
side of this new lining and fit it in the place of the 
old, sliding the ends under the folded ends of the back. 
Rub it down well, using a bone folder. Wipe off sur¬ 
plus paste with a paste cloth. 









THE BOOK MENDER S GUIDE 


11 


B. When the back is worn or thin at the hinges. 

1. Trim the lining and super at the inner edge of the 
cover boards. Scrape and smooth the binding boards 
with the book knife until all loose threads are removed 
and the binding boards are exposed. 

2. With the book knife loosen and take off the old lining 
on the back. 

3. Cut off the cloth that is folded over at the top and 
bottom of the old back. This fold of cloth is now un¬ 
necessary for the new back will be turned under at top 
and bottom. 

Loosen from the boards, with the book knife, the four 
corners of the lining papers next to the hinges, so that 
the ends of the new backs can be pasted down under 
these papers. 

Recasing leather or book cloth in a color harmonizing 
with the original binding, may be used for the new 
back. Cut a piece of the leather or book cloth at least 
one inch wider than the space between the boards and 
iy 2 inches longer than the back of the book. Clip the 
corners diagonally about inch. 

6. Cover the wrong side of the leather or book cloth with 
Agokee paste, spreading the paste quite thick and very 
evenly over the entire surface. 

7. Lay the case flat on the table with the outside of the 
case up. Place the recasing leather or book cloth over 
the outside of the old back. Be sure to keep the 
covers pulled apart the correct width. Rub down the 
new back and wipe off surplus paste with paste cloth. 

8. Turn the cover 
over and fold in 
the r e c a s i n g 
leather or book 
cloth over old 
back at top and 
bottom and un¬ 
der the loosened 
four corners of 
the lining papers. 
(Illustration No. 
V.) 

Illustration No. V 


4 . 


5. 





12 


THE BOOK MENDER S GUIDE 



9. Paste down again the 
four corners of the lin¬ 
ing papers. 


10. Turn the case over and 
with a bone folder 
crease the hinge on 
each side of the book. 

(Illustration No. VII.) 


Illustration No. VII 


C. When the old back is entirely worn out and must be 
replaced with a new one. 

1. As the old back is worn out and can be of no use in 


strengthening the book, cut it off close to the binding 
boards. 

2. Scrape and smooth the binding boards with the book 
knife until they are exposed. 

3. Loosen from the boards, with the book knife, the four 
corners of the lining papers next to the hinges. 

4. Cut a piece of recasing leather or book cloth at least 
one inch wider than the space between the boards and 
1 ]/ 4 inches longer than the back of the book. Clip the 
corners diagonally about inch. 

5. Cover the wrong side of the leather or book cloth with 
Agokee paste, spreading the paste evenly and quite 
thick. 

6. Place the two cover boards on either side of the con¬ 
tents in their original positions. 

7. Holding the book firmly in one hand, so that the cover 
boards do not slip, lay the recasing leather or book 



THE BOOK MENDER'S GUIDE 


13 


cloth over the 
back. Make sure 
that the center 
of the new back 
comes at the 
center back of 
the contents. 
(Illustration No. 
VI.) Smooth 
down the book 
cloth and wipe off 
surplus paste. 

8. Place the back of 
the book on the 
table and very 
carefully open 
both covers and 
take out the con¬ 
tents, leaving the case flat on the table with the inside 
of the case toward you. 

9. Reline the back, by cutting a piece of kraft paper the 
size of the old lining, pasting it in the center of the 
back and rubbing it down carefully. 

10. Fold in the recasing leather or book cloth at top and 
bottom, being careful to keep the line of the back 
straight with the cover board edge. Fold the leather 
or cloth under the loosened corners of the lining papers. 

11. Paste down again the four corners of the lining papers. 
Turn the case over and with a bone folder crease the 
hinge on each side of the book. (Illustration No. 

VII.) 


OPERATION III. Preparing the contents. 

1. With the book knife, scrape off any loose super or glue 
from the back of the contents. Be very careful not to 
cut any stitches. If the super is tight it need not be 
removed for it will strengthen the sewing on the back. 

2. Preparing the contents consists of overcasting the out¬ 
side sections of the contents and attaching new end 



Illustration No. VI 





14 


THE BOOK MENDER'S GUIDE 


sheets. Often one or two of these outside sections are 
partly loose. Overcasting binds them firmly to rest of 
the contents and furnishes a strong foundation to which 
double stitched binder is to be attached later. Place the 
contents flat on the table with the back of the contents 
away from you. Punch five holes along the back of the 
binding edge. See that a hole is made about y 2 inch 
from each end and the others equally spaced along the 
binding edge. Push the awl in a slanting position as 

shown in Illus¬ 
tration No. 
VIII, starting 
about ]/ 4 inch 
from the edge 
and pushing the 
awl through 
four or five sec¬ 
tions. Be very 
careful not to 
disturb the orig¬ 
inal sewing. 


4. Turning the contents so that the back will be toward 
you, place a new end paper on the top, exactly even 
with the binding edge. 

5. Start at one end and overcast, that is to sew over and 
over with a diagonal stitch. Put the needle through 
the holes made with awl, drawing the thread down, 
rather than out, with each stitch. Overcast through the 
first and last hole three times and through the other 
holes twice. Pull the thread tight enough to hold 
firmly but be very careful not to cut the paper nor de¬ 
crease the thick- 

n e s s of the 
book. Illustra¬ 
tion No. IX 
shows the posi¬ 
tion of the book 
and paper in 
sewing. 

Illustration No. IX 




Illustration No. VIII 


3. Repeat the process on the other side. 





THE BOOK MENDER S GUIDE 


15 


6. Attach end paper and overcast other side. 

7. Trim the end sheets even with edge of contents. 

OPERATION IV. Fastening the contents into the case 

with double stitched binder. 

In using double stitched binder always select a piece 
in which the space between the rows of stitching ex¬ 
actly equals the thickness of the contents. The ad¬ 
vantage of using this binder comes in the perfect hinge 
that may be made with it. This hinge is possible only 
when the binder used is the correct width. 

1. Select the correct width of double stitched binder. Cut 
a piece ]/ 8 inch less than the length of the contents. 

2. Cover the gray side of the binder with paste. Apply 
Agokee to the back of the contents, working it in well 
into the stitching. 



Illustration No. X 


3. Attach the dou¬ 
ble stitched 
binder to the 
contents as 
shown in Illus¬ 
tration No. X. 


4. 


Place the con¬ 
tents flat on the 
table and pull 
the double 
stitched binder 
over the end 
paper so that the 
line of stitching 
lies exactly 
along the edge 
of the back, as 
shown in Illus¬ 
tration No. XI. 



Illustration No. XI 



16 


THE BOOK MENDER’S GUIDE 


5. Turn contents over and pull double stitched binder 
over this side so that the line of stitching lies exactly 
along the edge of the back as shown in Illustration 
No. XI. Wipe off surplus paste with paste cloth. 
Smooth the binder down on the back of the contents 
with a bone folder, so that the binder will be firmly 
attached to the contents. 

6. Moisten the entire gummed surface of the double 
stitched binder with Agokee paste. 

7. With the case flat on the table, fit the contents into it 
so that the back of the contents is exactly in the center 
of the back of the case. Be sure that contents is 
right side up. 



Illustration No. XII 

for holding the book in 
tration No. XII. 


8. Close the book 
and press the 
contents into 
the back. Push 
in the sections 
from the front 
using the index 
finger. Round 
the back into its 
original shape. 
The position 
this process is shown in Illus- 


9. 


Placing the back 
of the book on 
the table, open 
one cover, hold¬ 
ing the other 
cover tight to 
the contents, as 
shown in Illus- 
tration XIII. 
Wipe away all 
moisture with a 
paste cloth. 



Illustration No. XIII 




THE BOOK MENDER S GUIDE 


17 


10. Open the front cover of the book and push it toward 
the contents. Close the book and open the back in 
the same way. These movements aid in the opening of 
the book when it is dry. 



Illustration No. XIV 


11. Close the book 
and crease the 
hinges, using a 
bone folder. 
(Illustra¬ 
tion No. 
XIV.) 


12. Recased books should be left to dry over night. Pile 
up books with backs alternating, and place under a 
weight. 


RECASING WITH UNGUMMED MATERIALS 
To Recase a Book when Sewing is Strong and Cover is in 

Good Condition 


OPERATION I. Removing the contents from the case. 

1. Open the book that is to be recased and with shears 
cut the super along each hinge, being very careful not 
to cut the back of the case. Remove the contents from 
the case. (See Illustration IV on page 10.) 

2. With the book knife, scrape off the loose paper and 
glue from the back of the contents. 

OPERATION II. Replacing the contents in the case. 

1. Cut a strip of muslin y 4 inch shorter than the back of 
the book and extending an inch or more over each side. 

2. Apply paste or glue to the back of the contents, work¬ 
ing it well into the stitching. 

3. Place the strip of muslin 
over the back of the con¬ 
tents, being very careful 
to keep the muslin 
straight, so that the ex¬ 
tensions at each side will 
be even. (Illustration No. 
XV.) Let this dry before 
proceeding. 



Illustration No. XV 



18 


THE BOOK MENDER’S GUIDE 


4. Apply a 1 inch width strip of paste lengthwise next to 
the joints on the inside of the book covers but not on 
the back of the book. 


5. Insert the book in the cover. Press the cloth ex¬ 
tensions down quickly on the cover, using care not to 
pull the cloth too tight. Set aside to dry. 



Illustration No. XVI 


6. Apply with 
thick paste a 
one inch strip 
of muslin or 
paper over 
the publisher’s 
joints. (Illustra¬ 
tion No. XVI.) 


7. Crease the hinge using a bone folder. (Illustration 
No. XIV.) 

8. Place a piece of waxed paper between the contents and 
the case to prevent sticking. Press the book. 


TO REBACK BOOK WITHOUT RECASING 

1. Tear off the ragged edges of the old back. 

2. Slit the super or muslin which extends over the back, 
y 2 inch from the bottom and top at the hinges, to allow 
for folding the book cloth or leather over the sides. 

3. Cut a strip of book cloth or recasing leather, har¬ 
monizing in color with the binding, one inch longer 
than the back of the book at each end and extending 
an inch at each side. 

4. Cut a strip of manila or kraft paper the length of the 
book, slightly narrower than the width of the back. 
Paste this in the center of the book cloth or recasing 
leather. 



THE BOOK MENDER’S GUIDE 


19 


5. Apply paste to book cloth not covered by kraft paper 
lining. 

6. Place the book in the middle of this kraft paper. Pro¬ 
tect this cloth with paper and rub down. 

7. Turn in the book cloth or leather over the edge of the 
book at top and bottom so that this new back is exactly 
the length of the original back. 

8. Now end papers may be pasted in if desired. 

9. Place waxed paper between the covers and the book to 
keep from sticking. Crease the hinges, using a bone 
folder. (Illustration No. XIV.) 

10. Press the book. 

% 

CLEANING BOOKS 

For cleaning the soiled pages of books, art gum, ink eraser, ink 
eradicator, or Ivory soap and a damp cloth may be used. The kind 
of paper best determines the method to be followed. Covers may be 
washed with a rubber sponge, Ivory soap and luke warm water, to 
which a small amount of ammonia has been added. 


LETTERING BACKS 

For lettering the backs we recommend using the electric stylus with 
gold, white or black transfer paper as described on page 25. You 
may also use the lettering pens and white or black letterine listed on 
page 29. 


VARNISHING BOOKS 

All newly mended or washed books should be protected from soil 
and water marks by one or two coats of book lacquer. Demco Book 
Lacquer is easily applied and dries in five minutes. A trial will con¬ 
vince you of its superiority. 



20 


THE BOOK MENDER’S GUIDE 


MENDING BOX 

Every library worker will wel¬ 
come the Demco Mending Box, 
with its bright, red cover of cloth, 
and its red lining. There is room 
in this especially constructed box 
for brushes, gummed tapes, art 
gum, thread, needles, binder’s awl, 
scissors, book cloth, penholders, 
white ink, india ink, paper labels 
and any other materials used in 
mending books. A strong parti¬ 
tion is provided to hold a paste jar. 

No. 903 _$2.50 

We pay postage 

DOUBLE STITCHED BINDER 

Our double stitched 
binder is made of two 
strips of gummed cloth, 
one side gray and the 
other white. The widths 
given below from y 2 " 
to 3" show space be¬ 
tween stitching. A book 
one inch thick calls for 
1" double stitched 
binder. 




Size 14" wide, 9" deep, 7" high. 


50 yard rolls in following widths: 


Regular rolls— 
Length 4 to 8 feet. 

Width s—Varia¬ 
tions of l/g" from y 2 ' 
to 3". 

Price 

1 Roll _ 30c 

5 Rolls _$1.40 

10 Rolls _ 2.40 

30 Rolls _ 6.95 

50 Rolls _10.50 





Price 

928A 

% 

inch $3.25 

928B 

Ys 

inch 

3.25 

928C 

V 4 

inch 

3.45 

928D 

7 s 

inch 

4.00 

929A 

1 

inch 

4.35 

929B 

17 s 

inch 

4.35 

930A n/ 4 

inch 

4.80 

930B 

l 3 /8 

inch 

4.80 

931A iy 2 

inch 

5.20 

931B 

1 % 

inch 

5.25 

931c 1 % 

inch 

5.60 


We pay postage 


Price 

931D 1% inch $5.60 
932A 2 inch 5.95 

932B 2l/ 8 inch 5.95 
932C 2l/ 4 inch 6.30 
932D 2 3/g inch 6.30 
933A 2l/ 2 inch 6.80 
933B 2% inch 6.80 
933C 2% inch 7.20 
933D 2% inch 7.20 
934A 3 inch 7.30 









THE BOOK MENDER’S GUIDE 


21 


SINGLE STITCHED BINDER 



Used for pasting 
loose leaves, loose sec¬ 
tions or pamphlets. 
Two strips of % inch 
gummed cloth tape sin¬ 
gle stitched lengthwise 
through the center 
forming a hinge, for 
stuffing at joints after 
tightening up. Never 
use among pages of 
books. 15 feet to the 
roll. Color, white. 


No. 934 1 roll _ 30c 

5 rolls -1.20 

10 rolls _2.05 


We pay postage 


BOOK CLOTH 

(Ungummed) 


We recommend the purchase 
of book cloth by the square 
yard. In all our years of library 
service no gummed book cloth 
has ever been kept in stock. 
Buying in square yard lengths is 
more economical, as the strips 
may be cut uniformly the width 
most generally suited to the ma¬ 
jority of books circulated. When 
book cloth arrives in the mend- 

No. 940 Medium blue 
No. 941 Navy blue 
No. 942 Tan 


ing room it is a good plan to 
spread it out on a large table, 
take yardstick and pencil, and 
line it off in three and four inch 
strips, cutting with sharp scissors 
along the lines penciled. These 
strips may then be rolled up, se¬ 
cured with rubber bands and 
laid away in the mending box 
for future use. Always cut 
lengthwise of the cloth. 

No. 943 Brown 
No. 944 Green 
No. 945 Red 


No. 946 Black 


Nos. 940 to 946 1 yard -65c 

5 yds., per yard _60c 

10 yds., per yard -55c 


We pay postage or express 

















22 


THE BOOK MENDER’S GUIDE 


BONE FOLDER 



One of the most useful articles in every library. Indispensable for 
repair work. Handy for cutting leaves of books and magazines. Thin, 
flat, 7 inches long. 


No. 305 1 folder_ 35c 

6 folders _$1.85 

12 folders _ 3.60 


We pay postage 

RECASING LEATHER 

Fast color, washable and wa- Orange, tan, green, red and 

terproof genuine fabrikoid. Sur- blue. Colors are guaranteed to 

face may be labeled or lettered. remain permanently beautiful. 
Comes in five bright colors: 


STANDARD SIZE ROLLS 

3 inches wide, 72 inches long 

No. 992-0 Orange, No. 992-G Green, No. 992-T Tan, No. 992-R Red, 

No. 992-B Blue 

4 inches wide, 54 inches long 

No. 993-0 Orange, No. 993-G Green, No. 993-T Tan, No. 993-R Red, 

No. 993-B Blue 




3" x 72" 

or 4" x 54" 


1 

roll_ 

_ 35c 

10 rolls ___ __ . 

$2.90 

3 

rolls 

_$1.05 

25 rolls 

_6.50 

5 

rolls 

_ 1.60 

50 rolls 

-11.75 














THE BOOK MENDER'S GUIDE 


23 


25 YARD ROLLS 

3 inches wide, 25 yards long 

No. 994-0 Orange, No. 994-G Green, No. 994-T Tan, No. 994-R Red, 

No. 994-B Blue 

4 inches wide, 25 yards long 

No. 995-0 Orange, No. 995-G Green, No. 995-T Tan, No. 995-R Red, 

No. 995-B Blue 

3 in. 4 in. 3 in. 4 in. 

1 roll-$2.95 $3.85 5 rolls, each ___$2.80 $3.70 

3 rolls, each_ 2.85 3.75 10 rolls, each ___ 2.75 3.65 

- • - i 4 

FURNISHED BY THE YARD, 40 INCHES WIDE 

No. 984-0 Orange, No. 984-G Green, No. 984-T Tan, No. 984-R Red, 

No. 984-B Blue 

1 yard-$1.45 5 yards, per yard_$1.35 

3 yards, per yard_1.40 10 yards, per yard_1.30 


We pay postage 

AUTO-MAGNETIC SPRING SHEARS 


This oval straight trimmer 
shear, 9 inch length, has a 
highly tempered spring inserted 
between its two blades, holding 
the blades in alignment and ad¬ 
justment so that the shear cuts 


all the way to the point. Bright 
nickel finish all over, including 
insides of blades. Special hard¬ 
ened cutting blades. Magnetized 
to pick up steel needles. 



No. 983 1 pair-80c 

3-5 pairs, each-70c 

5 or more pairs, each-65c 


We pay postage 





















24 


THE BOOK MENDER’S GUIDE 


FLEXIBLE GLUE AND SAFETY GLUE POT 


With our 

Heater, the glue is heat¬ 
ed exactly the right tem¬ 
perature and maintains 
that temperature. No 
over-h eating possible. 
Should the water boil 
out, the electric current 
is broken. The amount 
of electric current used is 
regulated by a thermo¬ 
static spring which separates the electrodes in the water. This means 
that as the temperature of the glue increases the amount of electrical 
current used is decreased. 

The Glue Pot runs itself. It is absolutely safe if forgotten with the 
current on. The glue will not burn or over-heat. The high grade 
enamel used on this heater does away with the discoloring or forming 


of oxide. 

No. 952 2 qt. size _$13.25 

No. 950 B. Flexible glue in bulk, per pound_ 45c 

We pay postage 


THREAD DRAWN TAPE 

Loose joints or sections of books 


threads drawn lengthwise, thus 
forming a hinge which is much 
thinner than a fold of the cloth. It will not spring the covers or joints 
of the book, nor bulge in any degree. Once you have used thread 
drawn tape you will never be without it. Three widths are available 


at all times. 

No. 925 width 10 yards 1 roll_ 30c 

No. 926 %" width 8 yards 5 rolls_ 1.25 

No. 927 1" width 6 yards 10 rolls_2.25 


should be repaired by reinforcing 
with a strip of thread drawn tape. 
This tape is made of a fine quality 
of linen strips having several 



Safety Glue 



We pay postage 















THE BOOK MENDER’S GUIDE 

ELECTRIC STYLUS 


25 



The electric stylus is very easy 
to operate. With the use of our 
22l/> karat gold leaf or the black 
or white transfer paper, very little 
pressure is necessary to number 
the backs of your books. 

We recommend the gold, black 
or white as being most permanent. 
With one roll of each of these in 
conjunction with your electric 
stylus, you have a selection for the 
different colors of bindings. 

This particular stylus has to be 
plugged into a light socket. The 
bulb which is used with this outfit 
tends to prevent overheating. 


No. 960 

Electric stylus 

___ 

$6.6 5 

No. 961 

Black transfer 

pa- 



per or 



No. 962 

White transfer 



paper % inches 



wide, 100 

feet 



long 




1 roll_ 


$1.45 


3 rolls, each _ 


1.40 


6 rolls, each _ 


1.35 


12 rolls, each _ 

___ 

1.25 


No. 963 221^ karat gold 

leaf, % inches 
wide, 50 feet 
long 

1 roll-$3.85 

3 rolls, each_3.75 

6 rolls, each_3.65 

12 rolls, each_3.50 


We pay postage 










26 


THE BOOK MENDER’S GUIDE 


AGOKEE PASTE 



Agokee is a white paste brought to a soft, 
creamy consistency so that it will follow the 
brush and lie in a smooth, even coat on 
paper. The librarian will appreciate not 
being asked to juggle glasses of water before 
he can use his paste. Agokee is right be¬ 
cause it was made right. 


It takes hold immediately and begins at 
once to develop that effective adhesiveness 
which simply will not let go. Yet it does 
not dry too fast. It is packed in a sanitary 
container to prevent molding. An oil of 
antiseptic properties prevents souring and gives Agokee an agreeable 
odor. Tests made according to United States government standards 
were highly satisfactory and are fully explained in our booklet, "The 
Art of Paste-Making." This booklet will be sent gratis. 


Agokee is made of select, imported materials, combined in such a 
manner as to produce the ideal library adhesive. 

Send for a sample of this tested paste and prove to yourself that 
there is a difference. 

No. 959 1 qt._90c No. 970 1 gal._ 

6 qts. ea._80c 5 gals. ea. 

12 qts. ea._75c 10 gals. ea. 

We pay postage , express or freight 

GUMMED CLOTH TAPE 

Extra strong cloth tape, well gummed. Width % inch. 

10 yards to the roll. 


No. 955 1 roll _ 40c 

6 rolls_$1.80 

12 rolls_3.40 


__$2.50 
__ 2.35 
__ 2.20 


We pay postage 

GUMMED CLOTH TRANSPARENT TAPE 

Where something stronger than paper for rents, tears or loose leaves 
is needed, this does the trick. Width % inches and 10 yards to the roll. 


No. 956 1 roll (30 feet) - 55c 

6 rolls (150 feet)_$2.65 

12 rolls (300 feet)_4.95 


We pay postage 

















THE BOOK MENDER’S GUIDE 


27 


TRANSPARENT ADHESIVE PAPER TAPE 

Excellent for torn leaves. In rolls % inches wide and 36 feet long. 
The most for your money. 


No. 954 6 rolls_ 65c 

12 rolls_$1.20 

72 rolls_7.00 


END SHEETS 

Durable gray cover paper, for the end-papers that are sewed to the 
front and back of the contents of a book in the process of recasing. 


Available in two sizes—No. 915, 6x8 inches and No. 916, 8x 12 
inches. 100 sheets to a package. 




No. 915—6x8 

No. 916 

-8x12 

1 package 


30c 

50c 


3 packages 


75c 

$1.40 


5 packages 


$1.10 

2.15 


10 packages 


2.15 

3.70 


30 packages 


6.10 

10.50 


50 packages 


9.75 

16.80 



We pay postage 




JAPANESE 

TISSUE 




Genuine imported Hakone Tissue 



No. 936 10 sheets . 

25c 

25 sheets 


. 50c 

Per package of 250 strips, 10p4 x 1 - 



_ 20c 

5 packages- 




- 95c 

10 packages- 




$1.90 


We pay postage 


















28 


THE BOOK MENDER S GUIDE 


THIN SKIN MARGIN PAPER 


A firm, transparent composition, 
ungummed to prevent wrinkling or 
curling. Being highly transparent, 
and closely resembling the paper on 
which books are printed, rents and 
tears do not show plainly when 
mended with it. In mending al¬ 


ways apply the patch to the left 
page, as it shows less in reading. 
Apply Japanese tissue to the print, 
and thin skin paper to the margin of 
pages. 

Ungummed and unglazed. Size 
17x22. 


No. 935 25 sheets_ 40c 

50 sheets_ 70c 

100 sheets_$1.25 


We pay postage 


MINO TISSUE 

Mino Tissue is a soft, transparent, pairing large pages in dictionaries 

imported paper closely resembling and reference books. Large size 

cloth. Highly recommended for re- sheets are available. 


Size 91/4 x 121/4 inches 

No. 990 1 package (10 sheets to package)_ 15c 

5 packages (10 sheets to package)_ 60c 

10 packages (10 sheets to package)_$1.00 


We pay postage 


BINDER’S THREAD 



Our three-cord, wire 
twisted imported linen 
thread is guaranteed 
not to unravel in sew¬ 
ing. After years of ex¬ 
perience in our bind¬ 
ery, we have stand¬ 


ardized on the three-cord satin finish flax colored thread. One-half ounce to the 
skein. 


No. 905 Per skein 
12 skeins 


30c 

$3.10 


We pay postage 












THE BOOK MENDER’S GUIDE 


29 


WAXED PAPER 

Slipped in between pages to prevent smearing while paste or glue is 

drying 

One envelope contains 12 sheets, 9x 12 


No. 991 1 envelope _ 15c 

5 envelopes _ 65c 

10 envelopes_$1.00 


We pay postage 

LETTERING PENS 

Library pen No. 301 can be used for white ink. Its turned up 
point makes a firm broad stroke for lettering. 


1 box (gross) _$1.40 

12 pens _ 25c 


We pay postage 

LETTERING INKS 


No. 336 Davids’ Lettering, white_35c 

No. 337 Davids’ Lettering, black _35c 

No. 338 Higgin’s India ink_35c 

No. 339 Gold ink_50c 


We pay postage 

ART GUM 

This artificial rubber has 
wonderful cleaning prop¬ 
erties when used on books, 
pictures, leather or fabrics 
of any kind. Removes 
marks without erasing 
anything that is written or 
printed in ink. 

No. 910 21/4 x iy 8 x iy 8 

Each _10c 

Per dozen_90c 

We pay postage 

BINDERS’ NEEDLES 

Genuine imported egg-eyed No. 906 1 pkg., per pkg-40c 

English needles; made especially 3 pkgs., per pkg.__38c 

for bookbinders’ use. No. 1 6 pkgs., per pkg.__35c 

size, 25 in package. 



We pay postage 














30 


THE BOOK MENDER’S GUIDE 


BINDER’S AWL 



A strong sharp five inch 
binder’s awl. 

No. 912 Each __ 18c 

Per 10_$1.10 

We pay postage 


BOOK KNIFE 



Sharp pointed with a three-inch high grade steel blade and oval 

rubberoid handle 


No. 911 1 knife_ 35c 

3 knives, each _ 33c 

5 knives, each _ 30c 


We pay postage 

LIBRARY PASTE BRUSH 



Black bristles, cedar handle nickel ferrules. % inches wide. 

8 inches long. 


No. 922 Each _ 35c 

3 brushes _ 95c 

12 brushes _$2.50 


We pay postage 

PASTE CLOTHS 

Clean, soft, bleached, 36 inch width, cheese cloth of good quality, 

put up in 10 yard packages. 


No. 920 1 package _$1.15 

5 packages, each _ 1.05 

10 packages, each _ 1.00 


We pay postage 



















THE BOOK MENDER’S GUIDE 


31 


DEMCO BOOK 

LACQUER 


Here’s a new, durable lacquer 
of the highest quality made es¬ 
pecially for book covers. Pre¬ 
vents stains, ink and water 

marks. Easily applied, dries in 
five minutes. A trial will con¬ 
vince you of its superiority. 

No. 985 1 pt. _ 


_ $1.10 

No. 986 1 qt. 


_ 1.90 

No. 987 1 gal. _ 


_6.25 


We pay postage or express 


LACQUER BRUSH 



Black bristles set in rubber with nickel ferrule and cedar handle. 


No. 923 Each _ 50c 

3 brushes -$1.35 

12 brushes _ 5.25 


We pay postage 


DEMCO SUPER 


A s u f ficient 
body, strength 
and uniformity 
of weave are no¬ 
ticeable in Demco 
Super. There are 
28 threads to the 

No. 938 36 inches wide. Per yard 

No. 939 2 inches wide. 10 strips 

No. 939 2 inches wide. 25 strips 



square inch. This 
material will 
stand more abuse 
than the average 
book-binders su¬ 
per. 


25c 

25c 

50c 


We pay postage 























32 


THE BOOK MENDER’S GUIDE 


INDEX 

Page 

Agokee paste_ 26 

Art gum _ 29 

Awl _ 30 

Binder’s needles_ 29 

Binder’s thread_ 28 

Binder, double stitched_ 20 

Single stitched _ 21 

Bone folder _ 22 

Book cloth _ 21 

Book lacquer _ 31 

Book repair knife_ 30 

Brushes _ 30, 31 

Cloth, book_'_ 21 

Cloth, paste _ 30 

Cloth, tape_ 26 

Double stitched binder_ 20 

Electric stylus_ 25 

End sheets or papers_ 27 

Folder, bone_ 22 

Glue, flexible _ 24 

Glue pot_ 24 

Gold leaf _,_ 25 

Gummed cloth tape_ 26 

Gummed cloth transparent tape_ 26 

Gummed transparent paper tape_ 27 

Inks, lettering_ 29 

Japanese tissue_ 27 

Knife, book repair_*_ 30 

Lacquer _ 31 

Lacquer brush _ 31 

Leather, recasing_22, 23 

Lettering pen_ 29 

Margin paper_ 28 

Mending box _ 20 

Mino tissue _ 28 

Needles _,_ 29 

Paste, Agokee_ 26 

Paste brush_i_ 30 

Paste cloths_ 30 

Pens, lettering _ 29 

Recasing leather__22, 23 

Shears _ 23 

Single stitched binder_ 21 

Stylus, electric_ 25 

Super_ 31 

Thin skin margin paper_ 28 

Thread _ 28 

Thread drawn tape_ 24 

Tissue, Japanese_ 27 

Tissue, Mino_ 28 

Transfer paper_ 25 

Transparent adhesive paper tape_ 27 

Transparent gummed cloth tape_ 26 

Waxed paper __ 29 






































































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